Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) is a newly described peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) antagonist in adipogenic cells. In contrast, in the macrophage-like cell line RAW 264.7, BADGE, like the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone hydrochloride, not only increased promoter activity of the PPARγ-luciferase reporter gene, but also suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production. These results suggest that BADGE is a PPARγ agonist in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of the coactivator p300 restored BADGE- or pioglitazone hydrochloride-suppressed promoter activity of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-luciferase reporter gene, suggesting that PPARγ may interfere with NF-κB transcriptional activity via coactivator competition. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
